We have touched on the youthful reasons behind the division between Israel and Judah.
In Rehoboam's case, 2 Chronicles 12:14 records these words about him, "He has not set his heart on seeking the Lord."
That says it all!
From a once unified kingdom under David and Solomon, with power, prestige and great glory, we now see a divided kingdom under Jeroboam in the north and Rehoboam in the south.
Both kingdoms begin to spiral into weakness and eventual captivity.
God's Word required His people to go to Jerusalem regularly to worship. Dt. 12:11-14; 16:6, 15-16. Because of the division, Jeroboam was now afraid to have his ten tribes journey into the capital of Rehoboam's kingdom, so he made two golden calves and placed them in more convenient places like Bethel and Dan.
Bethel was in the southern part of Israel, and Dan in the north. Now the people would not have to go all the way to Jerusalem to worship, they could do so in Israel at either Bethel or Dan.
More than twenty different times Jeroboam is described as one "who caused Israel to sin."
Beware of man-made religion. Jeroboam set up a false priesthood who were not called or qualified by God to offer sacrifices on behalf of the sin of the people.
We must worship where and how God tells us in His Word. For New Testament followers of Jesus, we would be wise to review Hebrews 10:25 where it reminds us "Let us not give up meeting together, as some are in the habit of doing."
God knows His people need fellowship to keep their spiritual lives burning brightly for Him. The local church is the visible expression of God's invisible kingdom.
In Jeroboam's case, remember, a request from a king is a command. God never relinquished His Kingly role over their lives even though they had earthly kings. He called them to Jerusalem to worship and now that was being violated.
The ways of man seem right for a season but if we leave God out of our plans, we short circuit His will, protection and leading. For 80 years the two kingdoms battled each other until Jehoshaphat's son, from the southern kingdom, married the daughter of Ahab, from the northern kingdom, and there was relative peace for fifty years.
If we fast forward history both Israel and Judah are eventually led into captivity.
Israel is captured by Assyria
In 722 BC, 200 years after Israel went it's way, it is carried off into captivity by the stronger Assyrians. Even though God had warned Israel through His prophets, they would not listen. The Assyrians were known to skin people alive, cut out tongues and eyes as well as dismember bodies and build mounds with human skulls to instill fear in others.
Judah is captured by Babylon
136 years after Israel was led into captivity, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon attacked and destroyed Jerusalem. The princes of Judah were led away into Babylonian captivity.
Both kingdoms had disobeyed God, forgotten His ways and refused His prophets. There are important lessons here for us today. Obedience brings blessings. Disobedience brings captivity.
The difference between both kingdoms is striking.
Israel was scattered throughout the nations and remains scattered even to today. Judah's captivity was limited to seventy years and then they returned to Jerusalem. The ongoing promises of God for a Messiah to come from Judah required they be back in the land. God prepared the way for them to return through a pagan king.
Behind the scenes, God uses the Persian King, Cyrus, to issue a decree allowing the Jews to return home. As you read Judah's history, you see the hand of God guiding the Jewish nation towards its preferred destiny.
More prophets come on the scene.